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a plaintiff

  • 1 postulator

    plaintiff, complainant.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > postulator

  • 2 accūsātor

        accūsātor ōris, m    [accuso], the accuser, prosecutor, plaintiff: acres atque acerbi: sui capitis, L.—Meton., an accuser, betrayer: suus, N.
    * * *
    accuser, prosecutor at trial; plaintiff; informer

    Latin-English dictionary > accūsātor

  • 3 āctor

        āctor ōris, m    [1 AG-], a driver: pecoris, a shepherd, O. — An agent, doer, performer, actor: hunc actorem auctoremque habebant, worker and counsellor, N.: orator verborum, actorque rerum: publicus, manager of public property, Ta.—In law, an accuser, complainant, plaintiff, prosecutor: huic ego causae... actor accessi: constitutus, official prosecutor.—He who delivers an oration, the speaker, C.—A player, actor: tertiarum partium: alienae personae: suorum carminum actor, L.
    * * *
    actor, performer, doer; advocate; plaintiff; agent; player; drover, herdsman; wielder

    Latin-English dictionary > āctor

  • 4 petītor

        petītor ōris, m    [PET-], a seeker, applicant, candidate: consulatūs: generosior, H.—In a suit at law, a plaintiff, claimant: quis erat petitor?
    * * *
    seeker striver after, applicant, candidate, claimant, plaintiff

    Latin-English dictionary > petītor

  • 5 accusator

    accūsātor, ōris, m. [id.], orig. one who calls another to account; hence, transferred to public life, an accuser, a plaintiff, esp. in a state-offence (while petitor signifies a plaintiff in private causes; yet accusator is often used for every kind of accuser, and then includes the petitor, v. accuso no. II. A.).
    I.
    In gen. (very freq.):

    accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,

    Cic. Part. Or. 32, 110:

    possumus petitoris personam capere, accusatoris deponere?

    id. Quint. 13 fin.; cf. Quint. 6, 1, 36:

    accusatores multos esse in civitate utile est, ut metu contineatur audacia,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 20:

    acres atque acerbi,

    id. Brut. 36:

    vehemens et molestus,

    id. ib. 34 fin.:

    graves, voluntarii,

    id. Leg. 3, 20, 47:

    firmus verusque,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29 al.:

    eundem accusatorem capitis sui ac judicem esse,

    Liv. 8, 32, 9:

    ita ille imprudens ipse suus fuit accusator,

    Nep. Lys. 4, 3:

    graviter eos accusat quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 16, 5:

    accusatores tui,

    Vulg. Act. 23, 35; 25, 18 al.—
    II.
    Esp., in silv. age, an informer, a denouncer (= delator):

    accusatorum denuntiationes,

    Suet. Aug. 66; so Juv. 1, 161.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > accusator

  • 6 ēditīcius

        ēditīcius adj.    [editus], set forth, proposed: iudices, a list of proposed jurors (to be reduced by the challenges of the accused).
    * * *
    editicia, editicium ADJ
    announced, proposed

    w/iudices -- jurors chosen by a plaintiff

    Latin-English dictionary > ēditīcius

  • 7 petō

        petō īvī and iī （perf. petīt, V., O; petīstī, C., V.; petīsse, C., O.; petīssem, C., L, O.), petītus, ere    [PET-], to strive for, seek, aim at, repair to, make for, travel to: summum locum, Cs.: maris oras: navīs, take refuge in, N.: Troia peteretur classibus, V.: caelum pennis, fly to, O.: Grais Phasi petite viris, visited by the Greeks, O.: ille Reginam petit, turns to, V.: campum petit amnis, V.: mons petit astra, rises to, O.— To fall upon, rush at, attack, assault, assail, fly at, aim at, thrust at: Indutiomarum, aim at, Cs.: cuius latus mucro ille petebat: non latus, sed caput, aim at: Tarquinium spiculo infeste, L.: Mālo me, throw an apple at, V.: cui petit ungue genas, O.: Vos turba saxis petens, stoning, H.—Fig., to attack, assail: me epistulā: uter ab utro petitus insidiis esset, L.— To demand, exact, require: ex iis tantum, quantum res petet, hauriemus: poenas ab optimo quoque sui doloris, i. e. exact satisfaction.—To demand at law, sue for, claim: unde petitur... qui petit, the defendant... the plaintiff, T.: qui per se litem contestatur, sibi soli petit: alienos fundos.— To beg, beseech, ask, request, desire, entreat: flentes pacem petere, Cs.: Curtio tribunatum a Caesare, ask for Curtius: a te pro Ligario, intercede with you for: reus ut absolvatur: a te, ut, etc.—Of office, to solicit, be a candidate: nemo est ex iis, qui nunc petunt, qui, etc.: ambitiose regnum, L.— To woo, court, solicit: ut viros saepius peteret quam peteretur, S.: illam, O.: virgo ad libidinem petita, L.— To pursue, seek, strive after, aim at: fugā salutem, Cs.: praedam pedibus, O.: gloriam, S.: eloquentiae principatum: bene vivere, H.: conubiis natam sociare Latinis, V.: ex hostium ducibus victoriam, over, L.: imperium ex victis hostibus, L.— To fetch, bring, elicit, obtain, wrest, draw: E flammā cibum, T.: custodem in vincula, V.: a litteris doloris oblivionem: latere petitus imo spiritus, H.: gemitūs alto de corde petiti, O.— To take, betake oneself to, repair to: alium cursum, take another route: aliam in partem fugam, betake themselves to flight, Cs.— To refer to, relate to: Troianos haec monstra petunt, V.
    * * *
    petere, petivi, petitus V
    attack; aim at; desire; beg, entreat, ask (for); reach towards, make for

    Latin-English dictionary > petō

  • 8 rea

        rea    see reus.
    * * *
    party in law suit; plaintiff/defendant; culprit/guilty party, debtor; sinner

    Latin-English dictionary > rea

  • 9 reus

        reus adj.    [res], concerned in a thing, party to an action: reos appello omnīs, quorum de re disceptatur.— Accused, arraigned, defendant, prosecuted, under charges: Milone reo ad populum, accusante P. Clodio: cum a me reus factus sit, was prosecuted: ne quis istis legibus reus fiat: rei ad populum circumeunt sordidati, when under charges before the tribal comitia, L.: ut socrus adulescentis rea ne fiat: tota rea citaretur Etruria: de vi: ob eandem causam et eodem crimine: Nunc reus infelix absens agor, O.—As subst m., the defendant, accused, prisoner: innocentem reum condemnatum audiebant: aliter condemnari reus non potest.— Bound, answerable, responsible: ut suae quisque partis tutandae reus sit, L.: voti reus, when bound by my vow, i. e. when my prayer is granted, V.: fortunae, to be blamed for, L.: Quid fiet sonti, cum rea laudis agar? i. e. though deserving praise am accused, O.
    * * *
    I
    rea, reum ADJ
    liable to (penalty of); guilty
    II
    party in law suit; plaintiff/defendant; culprit/guilty party, debtor; sinner

    Latin-English dictionary > reus

  • 10 accusatrix

    prosecutor at trial (female), accuser, plaintiff

    Latin-English dictionary > accusatrix

  • 11 actrix

    stewardess; agent (female); plaintiff (female) (L+S)

    Latin-English dictionary > actrix

  • 12 persecutor

    persecutor; (of Christians); prosecutor, plaintiff

    Latin-English dictionary > persecutor

  • 13 accusator

    accusor, plaintiff.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > accusator

  • 14 Actor

    1.
    actor, ōris, m. [id.].
    I.
    One who drives or moves something:

    pecoris actor,

    Ov. H. 1, 95:

    habenae,

    a slinger, Stat. Ach. 2, 419.—
    II.
    In gen., he who does any thing, a doer or performer (cf. ago, II.).
    A.
    In gen. of every kind of action:

    ut illum efficeret oratorem verborum actoremque rerum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57 (a translation of the Homer. prêktêra ergôn, Il. 9, 443):

    Cato dux, auctor, actor rerum illarum fuit,

    id. Sest. 28 fin.; so Caes. B. C. 1, 26; Nep. Att. 3, 2 al.—
    B.
    In judicial lang., one who brings an action, a plaintiff:

    accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,

    Cic. Part. 32;

    esp. of lawyers: Moloni Rhodio et actori summo causarum et magistro,

    id. Brut. 89 fin.; so Hor. A. P. 369 al.—Also, one who conducts a suit, an advocate, Cic. Caec. 1.—Hence,
    C.
    At a later period, an agent or attorney; in gen., an administrator or manager or steward, overseer of property or an estate.—So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property, Ann. 2, 30; 3, 67: actor summarum, a keeper of accounts or cashier, Suet. Dom. 11, and so often in the Dig.: sub actoribus, overseers (of a household), Vulg. Gal. 4, 2.—
    D.
    In rhetor. lang., one who delivers any oral discourse; and esp. one who delivers an oration, an orator:

    inventor, compositor, actor,

    Cic. Or. 19.—
    2.
    A player, an actor:

    actores secundarum et tertiarum partium,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15; so id. de Or. 1, 26; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16 (cf. ago, II., and actio, II. C.).
    2.
    Actor, ŏris, m.
    I.
    A companion of Aeneas, Verg. A. 9, 500.—
    II.
    An Auruncan, ib. 12, 94; 96.—Hence, Actŏ-rĭdes, ae, patron. m., son or grandson of Actor: his son, Menoetius, Ov. F. 2, 39; his grandson, Patroclus, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 29; id. M. 13, 273; Erithos, id. ib. 5, 79.—In plur.: Actŏrĭdae, i. e. Eurytus and Cleatus, sons of Actor, King of Phthia, id. ib. 8, 308.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Actor

  • 15 actor

    1.
    actor, ōris, m. [id.].
    I.
    One who drives or moves something:

    pecoris actor,

    Ov. H. 1, 95:

    habenae,

    a slinger, Stat. Ach. 2, 419.—
    II.
    In gen., he who does any thing, a doer or performer (cf. ago, II.).
    A.
    In gen. of every kind of action:

    ut illum efficeret oratorem verborum actoremque rerum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57 (a translation of the Homer. prêktêra ergôn, Il. 9, 443):

    Cato dux, auctor, actor rerum illarum fuit,

    id. Sest. 28 fin.; so Caes. B. C. 1, 26; Nep. Att. 3, 2 al.—
    B.
    In judicial lang., one who brings an action, a plaintiff:

    accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,

    Cic. Part. 32;

    esp. of lawyers: Moloni Rhodio et actori summo causarum et magistro,

    id. Brut. 89 fin.; so Hor. A. P. 369 al.—Also, one who conducts a suit, an advocate, Cic. Caec. 1.—Hence,
    C.
    At a later period, an agent or attorney; in gen., an administrator or manager or steward, overseer of property or an estate.—So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property, Ann. 2, 30; 3, 67: actor summarum, a keeper of accounts or cashier, Suet. Dom. 11, and so often in the Dig.: sub actoribus, overseers (of a household), Vulg. Gal. 4, 2.—
    D.
    In rhetor. lang., one who delivers any oral discourse; and esp. one who delivers an oration, an orator:

    inventor, compositor, actor,

    Cic. Or. 19.—
    2.
    A player, an actor:

    actores secundarum et tertiarum partium,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15; so id. de Or. 1, 26; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16 (cf. ago, II., and actio, II. C.).
    2.
    Actor, ŏris, m.
    I.
    A companion of Aeneas, Verg. A. 9, 500.—
    II.
    An Auruncan, ib. 12, 94; 96.—Hence, Actŏ-rĭdes, ae, patron. m., son or grandson of Actor: his son, Menoetius, Ov. F. 2, 39; his grandson, Patroclus, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 29; id. M. 13, 273; Erithos, id. ib. 5, 79.—In plur.: Actŏrĭdae, i. e. Eurytus and Cleatus, sons of Actor, King of Phthia, id. ib. 8, 308.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > actor

  • 16 Actoridae

    1.
    actor, ōris, m. [id.].
    I.
    One who drives or moves something:

    pecoris actor,

    Ov. H. 1, 95:

    habenae,

    a slinger, Stat. Ach. 2, 419.—
    II.
    In gen., he who does any thing, a doer or performer (cf. ago, II.).
    A.
    In gen. of every kind of action:

    ut illum efficeret oratorem verborum actoremque rerum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57 (a translation of the Homer. prêktêra ergôn, Il. 9, 443):

    Cato dux, auctor, actor rerum illarum fuit,

    id. Sest. 28 fin.; so Caes. B. C. 1, 26; Nep. Att. 3, 2 al.—
    B.
    In judicial lang., one who brings an action, a plaintiff:

    accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,

    Cic. Part. 32;

    esp. of lawyers: Moloni Rhodio et actori summo causarum et magistro,

    id. Brut. 89 fin.; so Hor. A. P. 369 al.—Also, one who conducts a suit, an advocate, Cic. Caec. 1.—Hence,
    C.
    At a later period, an agent or attorney; in gen., an administrator or manager or steward, overseer of property or an estate.—So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property, Ann. 2, 30; 3, 67: actor summarum, a keeper of accounts or cashier, Suet. Dom. 11, and so often in the Dig.: sub actoribus, overseers (of a household), Vulg. Gal. 4, 2.—
    D.
    In rhetor. lang., one who delivers any oral discourse; and esp. one who delivers an oration, an orator:

    inventor, compositor, actor,

    Cic. Or. 19.—
    2.
    A player, an actor:

    actores secundarum et tertiarum partium,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15; so id. de Or. 1, 26; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16 (cf. ago, II., and actio, II. C.).
    2.
    Actor, ŏris, m.
    I.
    A companion of Aeneas, Verg. A. 9, 500.—
    II.
    An Auruncan, ib. 12, 94; 96.—Hence, Actŏ-rĭdes, ae, patron. m., son or grandson of Actor: his son, Menoetius, Ov. F. 2, 39; his grandson, Patroclus, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 29; id. M. 13, 273; Erithos, id. ib. 5, 79.—In plur.: Actŏrĭdae, i. e. Eurytus and Cleatus, sons of Actor, King of Phthia, id. ib. 8, 308.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Actoridae

  • 17 Actorides

    1.
    actor, ōris, m. [id.].
    I.
    One who drives or moves something:

    pecoris actor,

    Ov. H. 1, 95:

    habenae,

    a slinger, Stat. Ach. 2, 419.—
    II.
    In gen., he who does any thing, a doer or performer (cf. ago, II.).
    A.
    In gen. of every kind of action:

    ut illum efficeret oratorem verborum actoremque rerum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 57 (a translation of the Homer. prêktêra ergôn, Il. 9, 443):

    Cato dux, auctor, actor rerum illarum fuit,

    id. Sest. 28 fin.; so Caes. B. C. 1, 26; Nep. Att. 3, 2 al.—
    B.
    In judicial lang., one who brings an action, a plaintiff:

    accusatorem pro omni actore et petitore appello,

    Cic. Part. 32;

    esp. of lawyers: Moloni Rhodio et actori summo causarum et magistro,

    id. Brut. 89 fin.; so Hor. A. P. 369 al.—Also, one who conducts a suit, an advocate, Cic. Caec. 1.—Hence,
    C.
    At a later period, an agent or attorney; in gen., an administrator or manager or steward, overseer of property or an estate.—So in Tac.: actor publicus, he who administers the public property, Ann. 2, 30; 3, 67: actor summarum, a keeper of accounts or cashier, Suet. Dom. 11, and so often in the Dig.: sub actoribus, overseers (of a household), Vulg. Gal. 4, 2.—
    D.
    In rhetor. lang., one who delivers any oral discourse; and esp. one who delivers an oration, an orator:

    inventor, compositor, actor,

    Cic. Or. 19.—
    2.
    A player, an actor:

    actores secundarum et tertiarum partium,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15; so id. de Or. 1, 26; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16 (cf. ago, II., and actio, II. C.).
    2.
    Actor, ŏris, m.
    I.
    A companion of Aeneas, Verg. A. 9, 500.—
    II.
    An Auruncan, ib. 12, 94; 96.—Hence, Actŏ-rĭdes, ae, patron. m., son or grandson of Actor: his son, Menoetius, Ov. F. 2, 39; his grandson, Patroclus, Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 29; id. M. 13, 273; Erithos, id. ib. 5, 79.—In plur.: Actŏrĭdae, i. e. Eurytus and Cleatus, sons of Actor, King of Phthia, id. ib. 8, 308.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Actorides

  • 18 actrix

    actrix, īcis, f. [actor].
    I.
    A female plaintiff, Cod. Th. 7, 16, 41.—
    II.
    A stewardess, Inscr. Murat. 913, 6.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > actrix

  • 19 advoco

    ad-vŏco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to call or summon one to a place, esp. for counsel, aid, etc.; constr. absol., with ad, in, or dat.
    I.
    In gen.
    A.
    Lit.:

    ego Tiresiam advocabo et consulam quid faciendum censeat,

    Plaut. Am. 5, 1, 76:

    contionem,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 80:

    aliquem ad obsignandum,

    id. Att. 12, 18; so Liv. 1, 39:

    viros primarios in consilium,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 7, § 18; so Liv. 42, 33:

    ego vos, quo pauca monerem, advocavi,

    Sall. C. 60:

    eo (i. e. in aedem Concordiae) senatum advocat,

    id. ib. 47:

    (Deus) advocabit caelum desursum,

    Vulg. Psa. 49, 4:

    advocari gaudiis,

    to be invited, Hor. C. 4, 11, 13:

    aegro,

    Ov. R. Am. 110:

    causis,

    Quint. 11, 1, 38.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    animum ad se ipsum advocamus,

    we turn the mind upon itself, call the thoughts home, Cic. Tusc. 1, 31:

    non desiderat fortitudo advocatam iracundiam,

    id. ib. 4, 23; so id. Ac. 2, 27; id. Tusc. 5, 38. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    In judicial lang., t. t., to avail one's self of some one in a cause, as aid, assistant, witness, counsellor, etc., to call in:

    aliquem alicui,

    Plaut. Cas. 3, 3, 6; so id. Bacch. 2, 3, 28; id. Ps. 4, 7, 59:

    aliquot mihi Amicos advocabo,

    Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 83:

    viros bonos complures advocat,

    Cic. Quint. 21:

    in his, quos tibi advocasti,

    id. ib. 2 al.—Also used of the friend of the plaintiff or defendant, who calls in his friends to aid in the suit:

    Oppianicus in judicio Scamandri aderat, frequens advocabat,

    Cic. Clu. 19.—Hence, transf. to other things, to call to one's aid, to call to for help, to summon:

    desuper Alcides telis premit omniaque arma Advocat,

    Verg. A. 8, 249:

    secretas artes,

    Ov. M. 7, 138:

    ad conamina noctem,

    Sil. 9, 82; Sen. Troad. 613:

    aliquid in tutelam securitatis suae,

    Vell. 2, 108:

    vires suas,

    Sen. Ben. 6, 2.—
    B.
    To get a respite, to delay, Plin. Ep. 5, 8; v. advocatio, II. C. —
    C.
    To give consolation, to console (in imitation of the Gr. parakalein), Tert. adv. Marc. 14.
    ► In the phrase ADVOCAPIT CONCTOS, in the song of the Fratres Arvales, Grotef.
    (Gr. II. 290) explains advocapit as an old imperat., instead of advocabite.Hence, advŏcātus, i, m.
    A.
    In the class. per., in judicial lang., one who is called by one of the parties in a suit to aid as a witness or counsel, a legal assistant, counsellor (diff. from patronus or orator, who spoke for a client engaged in a suit; from cognitor, who appeared in the name of such parties as had themselves been at first in court;

    and from procurator, who appeared for such as were absent,

    Ascon. ad Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4; Ruhnk. ad Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 48; Heind. ad Hor. S. 2, 5, 38;

    v. Smith's Dict. Antiq.): quaeso, ut advocatus mihi adsis neve abeas,

    Plaut. Am. 4, 3, 3; so id. Men. 5, 2, 47; id. Mil. 5, 26; id. Poen. 3, 1, 23; 6, 11; id. Trin. 5, 2, 37 al.:

    adversusne illum causam dicerem, cui veneram advocatus?

    Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 43; so id. Eun. 2, 3, 49; 4, 6, 26; id. Ad. 4, 5, 11:

    quis eum umquam non modo in patroni, sed in laudatoris aut advocati loco viderat,

    Cic. Clu. 40; id. Phil. 1, 7:

    venire advocatum alicui in rem praesentem,

    id. Off. 1, 10, etc.; Liv. 42, 33, 1.—
    B.
    In the post-Aug. per., for patronus, orator, etc., who conducted a process for any one, an advocate, attorney, etc., Quint. 12, 1, 13; cf. id. 12, 1, 25; 5, 6 fin.; 9, 3, 22; Plin. Ep. 7, 22; Tac. A. 11, 5, 6; Suet. Claud. 15 and 33.—
    C.
    Esp., in eccl. Lat., of Christ as our intercessor, advocate:

    advocatum habemus apud Patrem, Jesum Christum,

    Vulg. 1 Joan. 2, 1.—
    D.
    Transf., in gen., an assistant, helper, friend:

    se in fugam conferunt unā amici advocatique ejus,

    Cic. Caecin. 8, 22.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > advoco

  • 20 calumnia

    călumnĭa (old form kălumnĭa; v. the letter K), ae, f. [perh. for calvomnia, from calvor; cf. incīlo], trickery, artifice, chicanery, cunning device.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    per obtrectatores Lentuli calumniā extracta res est,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3:

    (Lucullus) inimicorum calumniā triennio tardius quam debuerat triumphavit,

    id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:

    inpediti ne triumpharent calumniā paucorum, quibus omnia honesta atque inhonesta vendere mos erat,

    Sall. C. 30, 4:

    Metellus calumniā dicendi tempus exemit,

    Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:

    cum omni morā, ludificatione, calumniā senatūs auctoritas impediretur,

    id. Sest. 35, 75.— Plur.:

    res ab adversariis nostris extracta est variis calumniis,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A pretence, evasion, subterfuge:

    juris judicium cum erit et aequitatis, cave in istā tam frigidā, tam jejunā calumniā delitescas,

    Cic. Caecin. 21, 61:

    senatus religionis calumniam non religione, sed malevolentiā... comprobat,

    id. Fam. 1, 1, 1:

    Carneades... itaque premebat alio modo nec ullam adhibebat calumniam,

    id. Fat. 14, 31:

    calumniam stultitiamque ejus obtrivit ac contudit,

    id. Caecin. 7, 18:

    illud in primis, ne qua calumnia, ne qua fraus, ne quis dolus adhibeatur,

    id. Dom. 14, 36:

    quae major calumnia est, quam venire imberbum adulescentulum... dicere se filium senatorem sibi velle adoptare?

    id. ib. 14, 37.—
    2.
    In discourse, etc., a misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil (cf.:

    cavillatio, perfugium): haec cum uberius disputantur et fusius, facilius effugiunt Academicorum calumniam,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20:

    (Carneades) saepe optimas causas ingenii calumniā ludificari solet,

    id. Rep. 3, 5, 9:

    nec Arcesilae calumnia conferenda est cum Democriti verecundiā,

    id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:

    si in minimis rebus pertinacia reprehenditur, calumnia etiam coërcetur,

    id. ib. 2, 20, 65:

    altera est calumnia, nullam artem falsis adsentiri opinionibus,

    Quint. 2, 17, 18:

    si quis tamen... ad necessaria aliquid melius adjecerit, non erit hac calumniā reprendendus,

    id. 12, 10, 43.—
    3.
    A false accusation, malicious charge, esp. a false or malicious information, or action at law, a perversion of justice ( = sukophantia):

    jam de deorum inmortalium templis spoliatis qualem calumniam ad pontifices adtulerit?

    false report, Liv. 39, 4, 11:

    Scythae... cum confecto jam bello supervenissent, et calumniā tardius lati auxilii, mercede fraudarentur,

    an unjust charge, Just. 42, 1, 2:

    quamquam illa fuit ad calumniam singulari consilio reperta ratio... Quae res cum ad pactiones iniquissimas magnam vim habuit, tum vero ad calumnias in quas omnes inciderent, quos vellent Apronius,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38:

    causam calumniae reperire,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8, §

    21: (Heraclius), a quo HS. C. milia per calumniam malitiamque petita sunt,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 27, §

    66: mirari improbitatem calumniae,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 15, §

    37: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumniā quādam et nimis callidā juris interpretatione,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33:

    iste amplam occasionem calumniae nactus,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61:

    quem iste in decumis, in rebus capitalibus, in omni calumniā praecursorem habere solebat et emissarium,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 41, § 108; 2, 2, 9, §

    25: ad rapinas convertit animum, vario et exquisitissimo calumniarum et auctionum et vectigalium genere,

    Suet. Calig. 38 init.; cf.

    the context: calumniā litium alienos fundos petere,

    Cic. Mil. 27, 74:

    adeo illis odium Romanorum incussit rapacitas proconsulum, sectio publicanorum, calumniae litium,

    Just. 38, 7, 8:

    calumniarum metum inicere alicui,

    Suet. Caes. 20:

    principes confiscatos ob tam leve ac tam inpudens calumniarum genus, ut, etc.,

    id. Tib. 49:

    calumniis rapinisque intendit animum,

    id. Ner. 32:

    creditorum turbam... nonnisi terrore calumniarum amovit,

    id. Vit. 7:

    fiscales calumnias magna calumniantium repressit,

    id. Dom. 9 fin. — Plur.:

    istae calumniae,

    App. Mag. 1, p. 273, 9; cf.:

    calumnia magiae,

    id. ib. 2, p. 274, 10.—
    4.
    Hence, jurid. t. t., the bringing of an action, whether civil or criminal, in bad faith:

    actoris calumnia quoque coërcetur,

    litigiousness on the part of the plaintiff, Just. Inst. 4, 16, 1 Sandars ad loc.; Gai Inst. 4, 174: vetus calumniae actio, a prosecution for blackmail or malicious prosecution, id. ib.: calumniam jurare, to take the oath that the action is brought or defence offered in good faith, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 3: sei juraverit calumniae causā non postulare, Lex Acil. Repetund. 19; Dig. 39, 2, 7; cf.: praeter jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā infitias ire, Gai Inst. 4, 172:

    jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā agere,

    id. ib. 4, 176.—Hence:

    nec satis habere bello vicisse Hannibalem, nisi velut accusatores calumniam in eum jurarent ac nomen deferrent,

    Liv. 33, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc; so,

    de calumniā jurare,

    Dig. 39, 2, 13, § 3: jusjurandum de calumniā, Gai Inst. 4, 179; Dig. 12, 3, 34 al.: et quidem calumniae judicium adversus omnes actiones locum habet, a conviction in a cross-action for malicious prosecution, Gai Inst. 4, 175:

    turpissimam personam calumniae honestae civitati inponere,

    to fasten the vile character of a malicious prosecutor upon, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 43:

    sine ignominiā calumniae accusationem relinquere non posse,

    id. Clu. 31, 86.— The person convicted of this charge was branded on the forehead with the letter K; v. calumniator.—
    II.
    Transf., a conviction for malicious prosecution ( = calumniae judicium, v. I. A. 4. supra):

    hic illo privato judicio, mihi credite, calumniam non effugiet,

    Cic. Clu. 59, 163: scito C. Sempronium Rufum, mel ac delicias tuas, calumniam maximo plausu tulisse, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:

    accusare alienae dominationis scelerisque socius propter calumniae metum non est ausus,

    Cic. Dom. 19, 49:

    perinde poenā teneri ac si publico judicio calumniae condemnatus,

    Tac. A. 14, 41:

    calumniam fictis eludere jocis,

    Phaedr. 3, prol. 37.—
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of abstr. things: in hac igitur calumniā timoris et caecae suspitionis tormento, cum plurima ad alieni sensūs conjecturam, non ad suum judicium scribantur, i. e. when the writer ' s mind is made the fool of his fears, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4. —
    B.
    Contra se, a mistaken severity towards one ' s self:

    inveni qui Ciceroni crederent, eum (Calvum) nimiā contra se calumniā verum sanguinem perdidisse,

    Quint. 10, 1, 115 (referring to Cic. Brut. 82, 283: nimium inquirens in se atque ipse sese observans, metuensque ne vitiosum colligeret, etiam verum sanguinem deperdebat).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > calumnia

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